ساختمان های زمین شناسی (Sedimentary Structures)

تاریخ انتشار پست : 18 مرداد, 1392 بازدید : 150

1) Wind Transported Bedforms and Cross Stratification

2) Subaqueous Ripples and Cross Lamination

3) Subaqueous Bedforms and Cross Stratification

4) Beach Stratification

5) Turbidites

6) Mud Cracks

7) Sole Marks, Burrows, and Misc.

8) Soft Sediment Deformation

9) Diamictites

برای دیدن جزییات و تصاویر به ادامه مطلب بروید

Wind Ripples

Modern Wind Ripples in Coarse Sand (Brazil)

Current Ripples

Modern Current Ripples

Current Ripple Lamination

Ancient Current Ripple and Planar Lamination

Ancient current ripple lamination that is slightly deformed

Ancient current ripple lamination that is slightly deformed and burrowed

Climbing Ripple Lamination

Starved Ripples

Wave Ripples

Modern Wave Ripples (Broome Beach)

Modern Wave Ripples and Waves (Lake Louise)

Small Modern Wave Ripples (Lake Louise)

Ancient Wave Ripple Crests

Ancient Wave Ripple Crests and Interference Ripple Crests

Ancient Interference Ripple Crests

Ancient Wave Ripple Crests with Mud Cracks

Ancient Wave Ripple Lamination

Ancient Wave Ripple

Both Current and Wave Cross Lamination

Ancient Ripple Lamination

Ancient Wave Ripple Lamination and Hummocky Cross Stratification

Subaqueous Bedforms and Cross Stratification

I have divided these by type of bedform and cross stratification. The examples are both fluvial and marine.

Planar Cross Stratification

Ancient Planar Cross Stratification

Single set of cross strata in a planar bed

Trough Cross Stratification

Ancient Trough Cross Stratification (two faces of the same rock)

Ancient Trough Cross Stratification

Plan or Map View of Ancient Trough Cross Stratification

Ancient Trough Cross Stratification

Herringbone Cross Stratification

Herringbone Cross Stratification

Hummocky Cross Stratification

Hummocky Cross Stratification

Cross Stratification from Bar Migration

Recent Alluval Deposits (Terrace at Redrock State Park, CA)

Recent Fluvial Deposits (Alsek River, Alaska)

Stratification due to bar migration.

Same outcrop as above, but also showing channel fill deposits above the sandstones deposited by the bar.

Quarry wall showing fluvial cross stratification, probably due to channel migration and bar accretion.

Extension of the same quarry wall as above

Dune Cross Stratification (that does not fit nicely into a specific category)

Climbing Dunes

Ancient Dune Cross Stratification

Cross Stratified Gravel

Graded bedding with faint cross stratification deposited in a fluvial channel

Cross stratification in a channel fill in a subaqueous turbidite fan

The following photographs are of large-scale cross stratification that was deposited by the migration of giant dunes and/or large fluvial bars. Detailed analysis of the regional characteristics of these deposits would be required to distinguish between dune and bar deposition in many cases, and both might be present.

Large Cross Stratification

Cross stratified sediment deposited by a migrating bar based on the abundance of more planar laminae that would be characteristic of a channel bottom.

Different view of the bedform in the previous photo

The following photographs were taken by Jeff Mount during his Roy Shlemon Course in Applied Watershed Science class trip down the Copper River, Alaska and Yukon. The river shown below was dammed by ice from the toe of a glacier, which created a very large lake. The ice dam broke catastrophically, producing a huge flood. The flood waters transported very large volumes of sediment in huge dunes. After normal river processes resumed, the river eroded into the flood deposits, exposing the cross stratification in these impressive dunes.

Lake shoreline terraces from the lake

Lake shoreline terraces from the lake and cross stratification in the river bank. This cross stratification may have been deposited by the flood waters.

Remnants of giant dunes that migrated during the flood

Large dune cross stratification and remnants of giant dunes

Beach Stratification

Beach Stratification (Scott Creek Beach, CA)

Beach Stratification (Brazil)

Turbidites

Turbidites in the Cretaceous Pigeon Point Formation

Various parts of the Bouma sequence

Thin turbidites

Coarser sediment overlying shale

Turbidites

A small channel in a more proximal part of the turbidite fan

Cross stratification in a channel fill in a subaqueous turbidite fan

Granular sized sediment at the base of a turbidite

Pebbles in the base of a turbidite

Mud clasts and pebbles in the base of a turbidite

Turbidites in the Cretaceous Great Valley Sequence

Sole Marks on the base of a turbidite

Mud Cracks

Modern Mud Cracks

Modern Mud Cracks in a Playa

A Closer View

Ancient Mud Cracks

Ancient Mud Cracks in both vertical and plan views

Ancient Mud Cracks and Wave Ripple Crests

Ancient Mud Chips in sandstone

Syneresis cracks due to dewatering of mud under water

Sole Marks

Modern Scour Marks Downstream of Pebbles

Sole Marks

Scratch Marks on a Glacial Pavement

Glacial striae from the last glacial maximum on the slope of the old Mt. Tehama

Burrows

Burrows

Miscellaneous

Rain marks on glacial flour that look a lot like "wrinkle structures", usually interpreted as microbial fossils.

Soft Sediment Deformation

Flame Structures

Flame Structures and Burrows

Load Structures

Contorted Sandstone Beds

Soft Sediment Folding

Diamictites

Debris Flow Deposit in a Fluvial Environment

Debris Flow Deposit on an Alluvial Fan

Modern Glacial Till/Diamictite

Ancient Glacial Diamictite

Ancient Diamictite of uncertain origin

دسته : آلبوم عکس و تصاویر ,

برچست ها : ساختمان های زمین شناسی,Sedimentary Structures

GaPs.ir - Geology and Petroleum Science - ساختمان های زمین شناسی (Sedimentary Structures)

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